Anthropologists say that “race” is not based in biology, but that…

DeaconPower9924 Anthropologists say that “race” is not based in biology, but that…Anthropologists say that “race” is not based in biology, but that it is real. According to multiple course materials, why do they say this? Select five answers. 1. Human variation does not conform to discrete racial categories, it is clinal. Many of the traits that are racialized developed independently of and non-concordant to more complex traits we regard as socially important. 2. No one “racial” group or population has a lock on any particular trait or gene. And although some traits might be found with greater frequency in some populations due to mechanisms such as natural selection (as in the case of sickle cell gene in malarial environments) and or limited gene flow (as in the case of Tay -Sachs with cultural marriage restrictions common among people of Ashkenazi Jewish heritage), these traits can occur in any population. Thus, there are no genes that define race.3. Race is not based in biology, but it is real because although the genes that code for skin color have not shown to be determinants of disease (nor do these genes code for any complex, behavioral traits), intersecting forms of oppression can adversely affect human biology, such as the costly, often mortal, effects of discrimination based on “race” overlapping with gender inequality, class, and other forms of socially constructed difference, on human health.4. Human variation is super easy to categorize and you can easily put people and even human skeletons into discrete racial categories, since racial traits do not overlap, and most races have traits as well as genes that are only specific to their own race that are not shared by any other race.5. Humans are the most genetically diverse species on the planet, with vast genetic differences existing between races. So you are more similar genetically to a banana than you are to someone of another race.6• Nearly all the common DNA variants found among humans can be traced back to a common source in Africa, which is the most genetically diverse place on the planet for humans. This is because modern humans evolved first in Africa and then some of us spread out throughout other areas of the planet, accumulating along the way some recent, small mutations, some of which were beneficial in these new environments and became common due to natural selection, others became common due to genetic drift, geographic distance and limited gene flow.7. Many sources suggest African Americans are predisposed to hypertension and that they are more likely to have it compared to “whites.” Also, Jewish people have the Tay Sachs gene and no other population has it, so this distinguishes Jewish people as a genetic race. This is evidence that race is biological and genetic, not social. This proves that different races are vastly different from one another due to differences in genes.8. Although “race” is not genetic, “race” is real because it is lived and can affect biology. Studies have demonstrated that continuous exposure to racial discrimination can increase and maintain cardiovascular distress, as well as other poor health outcomes. In addition, the historical legacy of “race” leaves in place institutionally produced racial inequities, that can greatly affect life chances and health, taking a toll on the human body. Thus, it is a social reality that can have lasting biological effects.9. Race is not biological and thus not real. Because it is not based in biology, itCANNOT affect biology and all of the health disparities that exist between “races” are due to genes, not society.BusinessBusiness – Other