MajorCrown5274
1. Humans and pea plant cells are diploid. This means they have how…
1. Humans and pea plant cells are diploid. This means they have how many alleles for each gene/trait?
2. The starting genotype for your plant is YYSs. Write the 4 potential gametes that could be produced by this plant using commas between each of the 4 gametes. (should look like Gamete1, Gamete2, Gamete3, Gamete4). Some gametes could be duplicates.
3. If you breed a true breeding tall pea plant with a true breeding short plant and see that all offspring are tall, what can you conclude?
A.Tall is the dominant allele
B. Both parents must be heterozygous for the height allele
C. Short is the dominant allele
4. You breed a plant (with itself) and its offspring/progeny for 10 generations. Most of the time you get smooth peas, but sometimes you get wrinkled peas. Which of the following do you know about the first plant that you started with?
A.The first plant must be heterozygous for smooth and wrinkled peas
B.The first plant must be homozygous for smooth peas
C. The first plant must be homozygous for wrinkled peas
5. Yellow pea color (Y) is dominant to green pea color (y). White flower color (W) is dominant to purple flower color (w). If you cross a pea plant heterozygous for yellow pea color and heterozygous for white flower color with a pea plant heterozygous for yellow pea color and homozygous for purple flower color, how many offspring will have yellow peas and purple flowers? Assume there are 16 offspring. Write your answer in a whole number without any additional words (for example: 1).
6. Sickle cell anemia is caused by a recessive allele. Assuming both parents are heterozygous for the sickle cell trait, what is the probability that their kid will get sickle cell anemia?
Group of answer choices
A. 100%
B.1 in 4 (or 25%)
C.1 in 2 (or 50%)
D.3 in 4 (or 75%)
7. You are studying a bacteria species that uses binary fission (cellular fission) to divide. You find that mutants lacking the ability to make adenine (A) just continue getting larger and larger and do not divide. Why do you think these mutants do not divide?
A.They have not grown large enough
B.Adenine is necessary for cytokinesis
C. They are not able to make certain proteins necessary for cellular fission
D.They are not able to replicate their DNA
8.In which phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope break down and chromosomes condense?
A.Anaphase
B.Prophase
C. Metaphase
D.Telophase
9.After a diploid cell undergoes DNA replication and mitosis, what should the outcome be?
Group of answer choices
A.4 haploid daughter cells
B.2 haploid daughter cells
C.2 diploid daughter cells
D.4 diploid daughter cells
10. What is a problem that could occur during recombination in meiosis?
Group of answer choices
A.Allows for new combinations of alleles on chromosomes that could be adaptive
B.Can lead to errors if not done properly
C.Could cause mutations in DNA replication during S phase
11.You are watching cells from a diploid organism with only 1 pair of chromosomes undergo mitosis. If the sister chromatids don’t separate during anaphase, which of the following best describes what the daughter cells will look like?
Group of answer choices
A.2 Diploid Cells
B.2 Haploid Cells
C.1 Tetraploid cell and 1 cell with no chromosomes
D.1 Diploid and 1 Haploid Cell
12.You are watching cells from a diploid organism with only 1 pair of chromosomes undergo meiosis. If the sister chromatids don’t separate during anaphase II, what will the resulting daughter cells look like?
Group of answer choices
A.2 Diploid cells, 2 cells with no chromosomes
B.4 Haploid cells
C.4 Diploid cells
D.1 Tetraploid cell and 1 cell with no chromosomes
Flag question: Question 14Question 141 pts
12.What types of cells are most likely to be permanently in phase G0?
Group of answer choices
A.Neuronal Stem Cells
B.Embryonic Stem Cells
C.Cancer Cells
D.Neurons
13.You make a mutation that leads to inactivation of protein X, a protein of unknown function. You then grow control cells and cells with this mutation in protein X on plates. You notice that there are MORE cells in the plate with the mutant cells. Which type of protein is protein X?
Group of answer choices
A.Tumor Suppressor
B>Proto-oncogene
C.Not enough information to answer this question
14.Which of the following is NOT true of stem cells?
Group of answer choices
A,Stem cells can give rise to many different tissues
B>None of the answers is correct
C.Stem cell division is tightly controlled
D.Stem cell is a dysfunctional cancer cell
15.The sodium hydrogen exchanger (NHE) is very important for regulating internal pH. If you increased the activity of NHE, what do you expect would happen to the cell’s internal pH?
Group of answer choices
A.No change in internal pH
C.Internal pH would decrease/become more acidic
D. Internal pH would increase/become more basic
Flag question: Question 19Question 191 pts
16. Write the correct complementary DNA sequence to 5′-ATCGA-3′
Flag question: Question 20Question 201 pts
17. How would DNA replication be affected if Primase was mutated so it could not function?
Group of answer choices
A.Replication would result in in many small segments of DNA instead of a complete molecule
B.The DNA strands would separate but replication would not start
C.The template strands would not be able to separate
D.The DNA strands produced by replication would not be complementary to the template strands
Flag question: Question 21Question 211 pts
18. Which of the following is true of DNA mutations?
Group of answer choices
A>Mutations to DNA ALWAYS lead to bad effects on the organism
B.Mutations to DNA ALWAYS lead to positive effects on the organism
C>Mutations to DNA can lead to positive, negative, or neutral effects on the organism
19. Which newly forming strand needs to be synthesized using Okazaki fragments?
Group of answer choices
A>Both strands
B.The leading strand
C>The lagging strand
D.Neither strand
Using the following figure where WT = normal human epithelial cells; AB98 and AB152 = human skin cancer cell lines:
20.What would be your conclusion about AB152?
Group of answer choices
A.Most of AB152 cells are tetraploid, meaning they are 4n
B.Most of AB152 cells are heterozygous
C>Most of AB152 cells are homozygous
D>Most of AB152 cells are diploid
21.A catastrophic storm hits an island and randomly kills half the population of birds. For this to be considered a case of evolution by genetic drift, what must also occur?
Group of answer choices
A>There must be a change in allele frequency in the population
B>As long as birds are killed this will be an example of evolution by genetic drift
C.This cannot be a case of evolution because it happened too quickly
D.There must also be a mutation in the bird genome
22.A flask of bacteria has 100 bacteria to start with. The scientist then puts in some antibiotic, which kills all but 3 of the bacteria. The surviving bacteria all have a gene allele that allows them to break down the antibiotic before it kills them. Is this an example of evolution by natural selection?
Group of answer choices
A.No, because it is evolution by genetic drift
B>No, because it happened too quickly
C.Yes
According to the RNA world hypothesis which of the following molecules evolve first?
Group of answer choices
A,Proteins
B
B.nucleotides
C.carbohydrates
B. amino acids
